# searx.weather — SearXNG Documentation (2025.6.29+60be0f453)

# Source code for searx.weather

    # SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
    """Implementations used for weather conditions and forecast."""
    # pylint: disable=too-few-public-methods
    from __future__ import annotations

    __all__ = [
        "symbol_url",
        "Temperature",
        "Pressure",
        "WindSpeed",
        "RelativeHumidity",
        "Compass",
        "WeatherConditionType",
        "DateTime",
        "GeoLocation",
    ]

    import typing

    import base64
    import datetime
    import dataclasses

    from urllib.parse import quote_plus

    import babel
    import babel.numbers
    import babel.dates
    import babel.languages

    from searx import network
    from searx.cache import ExpireCache, ExpireCacheCfg
    from searx.extended_types import sxng_request
    from searx.wikidata_units import convert_to_si, convert_from_si

    WEATHER_DATA_CACHE: ExpireCache = None  # type: ignore
    """A simple cache for weather data (geo-locations, icons, ..)"""

    YR_WEATHER_SYMBOL_URL = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nrkno/yr-weather-symbols/refs/heads/master/symbols/outline"

    def get_WEATHER_DATA_CACHE():

        global WEATHER_DATA_CACHE  # pylint: disable=global-statement

        if WEATHER_DATA_CACHE is None:
            WEATHER_DATA_CACHE = ExpireCache.build_cache(
                ExpireCacheCfg(
                    name="WEATHER_DATA_CACHE",
                    MAX_VALUE_LEN=1024 * 200,  # max. 200kB per icon (icons have most often 10-20kB)
                    MAXHOLD_TIME=60 * 60 * 24 * 7 * 4,  # 4 weeks
                )
            )
        return WEATHER_DATA_CACHE

    def _get_sxng_locale_tag() -> str:
        # The function should return a locale (the sxng-tag: de-DE.en-US, ..) that
        # can later be used to format and convert measured values for the output of
        # weather data to the user.
        #
        # In principle, SearXNG only has two possible parameters for determining
        # the locale: the UI language or the search- language/region.  Since the
        # conversion of weather data and time information is usually
        # region-specific, the UI language is not suitable.
        #
        # It would probably be ideal to use the user's geolocation, but this will
        # probably never be available in SearXNG (privacy critical).
        #
        # Therefore, as long as no "better" parameters are available, this function
        # returns a locale based on the search region.

        # pylint: disable=import-outside-toplevel,disable=cyclic-import
        from searx import query
        from searx.preferences import ClientPref

        query = query.RawTextQuery(sxng_request.form.get("q", ""), [])
        if query.languages and query.languages[0] not in ["all", "auto"]:
            return query.languages[0]

        search_lang = sxng_request.form.get("language")
        if search_lang and search_lang not in ["all", "auto"]:
            return search_lang

        client_pref = ClientPref.from_http_request(sxng_request)
        search_lang = client_pref.locale_tag
        if search_lang and search_lang not in ["all", "auto"]:
            return search_lang
        return "en"

    def symbol_url(condition: WeatherConditionType) -> str | None:
        """Returns ``data:`` URL for the weather condition symbol or ``None`` if
        the condition is not of type :py:obj:`WeatherConditionType`.

        If symbol (SVG) is not already in the :py:obj:`WEATHER_DATA_CACHE` its
        fetched from https://github.com/nrkno/yr-weather-symbols
        """
        # Symbols for darkmode/lightmode? .. and day/night symbols? .. for the
        # latter we need a geopoint (critical in sense of privacy)

        fname = YR_WEATHER_SYMBOL_MAP.get(condition)
        if fname is None:
            return None

        ctx = "weather_symbol_url"
        cache = get_WEATHER_DATA_CACHE()
        origin_url = f"{YR_WEATHER_SYMBOL_URL}/{fname}.svg"

        data_url = cache.get(origin_url, ctx=ctx)
        if data_url is not None:
            return data_url

        response = network.get(origin_url, timeout=3)
        if response.status_code == 200:
            mimetype = response.headers['Content-Type']
            data_url = f"data:{mimetype};base64,{str(base64.b64encode(response.content), 'utf-8')}"
            cache.set(key=origin_url, value=data_url, expire=None, ctx=ctx)
        return data_url

    @dataclasses.dataclass
    class GeoLocation:
        """Minimal implementation of Geocoding."""

        # The type definition was based on the properties from the geocoding API of
        # open-meteo.
        #
        # - https://open-meteo.com/en/docs/geocoding-api
        # - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tz_database_time_zones
        # - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_3166-1_alpha-2

        name: str
        latitude: float  # Geographical WGS84 coordinates of this location
        longitude: float
        elevation: float  # Elevation above mean sea level of this location
        country_code: str  # 2-Character ISO-3166-1 alpha2 country code. E.g. DE for Germany
        timezone: str  # Time zone using time zone database definitions

        def __str__(self):
            return self.name

        def locale(self) -> babel.Locale:

            # by region of the search language
            sxng_tag = _get_sxng_locale_tag()
            if "-" in sxng_tag:
                locale = babel.Locale.parse(_get_sxng_locale_tag(), sep='-')
                return locale

            # by most popular language in the region (country code)
            for lang in babel.languages.get_official_languages(self.country_code):
                try:
                    locale = babel.Locale.parse(f"{lang}_{self.country_code}")
                    return locale
                except babel.UnknownLocaleError:
                    continue

            # No locale could be determined.  This does not actually occur, but if
            # it does, the English language is used by default.  But not region US.
            # US has some units that are only used in US but not in the rest of the
            # world (e.g. °F instead of °C)
            return babel.Locale("en", territory="DE")

        @classmethod
        def by_query(cls, search_term: str) -> GeoLocation:
            """Factory method to get a GeoLocation object by a search term.  If no
            location can be determined for the search term, a :py:obj:`ValueError`
            is thrown.
            """

            ctx = "weather_geolocation_by_query"
            cache = get_WEATHER_DATA_CACHE()
            geo_props = cache.get(search_term, ctx=ctx)

            if not geo_props:
                geo_props = cls._query_open_meteo(search_term=search_term)
                cache.set(key=search_term, value=geo_props, expire=None, ctx=ctx)

            return cls(**geo_props)

        @classmethod
        def _query_open_meteo(cls, search_term: str) -> dict:
            url = f"https://geocoding-api.open-meteo.com/v1/search?name={quote_plus(search_term)}"
            resp = network.get(url, timeout=3)
            if resp.status_code != 200:
                raise ValueError(f"unknown geo location: '{search_term}'")
            results = resp.json().get("results")
            if not results:
                raise ValueError(f"unknown geo location: '{search_term}'")
            location = results[0]
            return {field.name: location[field.name] for field in dataclasses.fields(cls)}

    DateTimeFormats = typing.Literal["full", "long", "medium", "short"]

    class DateTime:
        """Class to represent date & time.  Essentially, it is a wrapper that
        conveniently combines :py:obj:`datetime.datetime` and
        :py:obj:`babel.dates.format_datetime`.  A conversion of time zones is not
        provided (in the current version).
        """

        def __init__(self, time: datetime.datetime):
            self.datetime = time

        def __str__(self):
            return self.l10n()

        def l10n(
            self,
            fmt: DateTimeFormats | str = "medium",
            locale: babel.Locale | GeoLocation | None = None,
        ) -> str:
            """Localized representation of date & time."""
            if isinstance(locale, GeoLocation):
                locale = locale.locale()
            elif locale is None:
                locale = babel.Locale.parse(_get_sxng_locale_tag(), sep='-')
            return babel.dates.format_datetime(self.datetime, format=fmt, locale=locale)

    class Temperature:
        """Class for converting temperature units and for string representation of
        measured values."""

        si_name = "Q11579"

        Units = typing.Literal["°C", "°F", "K"]
        """Supported temperature units."""

        units = list(typing.get_args(Units))

        def __init__(self, value: float, unit: Units):
            if unit not in self.units:
                raise ValueError(f"invalid unit: {unit}")
            self.si: float = convert_to_si(  # pylint: disable=invalid-name
                si_name=self.si_name,
                symbol=unit,
                value=value,
            )

        def __str__(self):
            return self.l10n()

        def value(self, unit: Units) -> float:
            return convert_from_si(si_name=self.si_name, symbol=unit, value=self.si)

        def l10n(
            self,
            unit: Units | None = None,
            locale: babel.Locale | GeoLocation | None = None,
            template: str = "{value} {unit}",
            num_pattern: str = "#,##0",
        ) -> str:
            """Localized representation of a measured value.

            If the ``unit`` is not set, an attempt is made to determine a ``unit``
            matching the territory of the ``locale``.  If the locale is not set, an
            attempt is made to determine it from the HTTP request.

            The value is converted into the respective unit before formatting.

            The argument ``num_pattern`` is used to determine the string formatting
            of the numerical value:

            - https://babel.pocoo.org/en/latest/numbers.html#pattern-syntax
            - https://unicode.org/reports/tr35/tr35-numbers.html#Number_Format_Patterns

            The argument ``template`` specifies how the **string formatted** value
            and unit are to be arranged.

            - `Format Specification Mini-Language
              <https://docs.python.org/3/library/string.html#format-specification-mini-language>`.
            """

            if isinstance(locale, GeoLocation):
                locale = locale.locale()
            elif locale is None:
                locale = babel.Locale.parse(_get_sxng_locale_tag(), sep='-')

            if unit is None:  # unit by territory
                unit = "°C"
                if locale.territory in ["US"]:
                    unit = "°F"
            val_str = babel.numbers.format_decimal(self.value(unit), locale=locale, format=num_pattern)
            return template.format(value=val_str, unit=unit)

    class Pressure:
        """Class for converting pressure units and for string representation of
        measured values."""

        si_name = "Q44395"

        Units = typing.Literal["Pa", "hPa", "cm Hg", "bar"]
        """Supported units."""

        units = list(typing.get_args(Units))

        def __init__(self, value: float, unit: Units):
            if unit not in self.units:
                raise ValueError(f"invalid unit: {unit}")
            # pylint: disable=invalid-name
            self.si: float = convert_to_si(si_name=self.si_name, symbol=unit, value=value)

        def __str__(self):
            return self.l10n()

        def value(self, unit: Units) -> float:
            return convert_from_si(si_name=self.si_name, symbol=unit, value=self.si)

        def l10n(
            self,
            unit: Units | None = None,
            locale: babel.Locale | GeoLocation | None = None,
            template: str = "{value} {unit}",
            num_pattern: str = "#,##0",
        ) -> str:
            if isinstance(locale, GeoLocation):
                locale = locale.locale()
            elif locale is None:
                locale = babel.Locale.parse(_get_sxng_locale_tag(), sep='-')

            if unit is None:  # unit by territory?
                unit = "hPa"

            val_str = babel.numbers.format_decimal(self.value(unit), locale=locale, format=num_pattern)
            return template.format(value=val_str, unit=unit)

    class WindSpeed:
        """Class for converting speed or velocity units and for string
        representation of measured values.

        .. hint::

           Working with unit ``Bft`` (:py:obj:`searx.wikidata_units.Beaufort`) will
           throw a :py:obj:`ValueError` for egative values or values greater 16 Bft
           (55.6 m/s)
        """

        si_name = "Q182429"

        Units = typing.Literal["m/s", "km/h", "kn", "mph", "mi/h", "Bft"]
        """Supported units."""

        units = list(typing.get_args(Units))

        def __init__(self, value: float, unit: Units):
            if unit not in self.units:
                raise ValueError(f"invalid unit: {unit}")
            # pylint: disable=invalid-name
            self.si: float = convert_to_si(si_name=self.si_name, symbol=unit, value=value)

        def __str__(self):
            return self.l10n()

        def value(self, unit: Units) -> float:
            return convert_from_si(si_name=self.si_name, symbol=unit, value=self.si)

        def l10n(
            self,
            unit: Units | None = None,
            locale: babel.Locale | GeoLocation | None = None,
            template: str = "{value} {unit}",
            num_pattern: str = "#,##0",
        ) -> str:
            if isinstance(locale, GeoLocation):
                locale = locale.locale()
            elif locale is None:
                locale = babel.Locale.parse(_get_sxng_locale_tag(), sep='-')

            if unit is None:  # unit by territory?
                unit = "m/s"

            val_str = babel.numbers.format_decimal(self.value(unit), locale=locale, format=num_pattern)
            return template.format(value=val_str, unit=unit)

    class RelativeHumidity:
        """Amount of relative humidity in the air. The unit is ``%``"""

        Units = typing.Literal["%"]
        """Supported unit."""

        units = list(typing.get_args(Units))

        def __init__(self, humidity: float):
            self.humidity = humidity

        def __str__(self):
            return self.l10n()

        def value(self) -> float:
            return self.humidity

        def l10n(
            self,
            locale: babel.Locale | GeoLocation | None = None,
            template: str = "{value}{unit}",
            num_pattern: str = "#,##0",
        ) -> str:
            if isinstance(locale, GeoLocation):
                locale = locale.locale()
            elif locale is None:
                locale = babel.Locale.parse(_get_sxng_locale_tag(), sep='-')

            unit = "%"
            val_str = babel.numbers.format_decimal(self.value(), locale=locale, format=num_pattern)
            return template.format(value=val_str, unit=unit)

    class Compass:
        """Class for converting compass points and azimuth values (360°)"""

        Units = typing.Literal["°", "Point"]

        Point = typing.Literal[
            "N", "NNE", "NE", "ENE", "E", "ESE", "SE", "SSE", "S", "SSW", "SW", "WSW", "W", "WNW", "NW", "NNW"
        ]
        """Compass point type definition"""

        TURN = 360.0
        """Full turn (360°)"""

        POINTS = list(typing.get_args(Point))
        """Compass points."""

        RANGE = TURN / len(POINTS)
        """Angle sector of a compass point"""

        def __init__(self, azimuth: float | int | Point):
            if isinstance(azimuth, str):
                if azimuth not in self.POINTS:
                    raise ValueError(f"Invalid compass point: {azimuth}")
                azimuth = self.POINTS.index(azimuth) * self.RANGE
            self.azimuth = azimuth % self.TURN

        def __str__(self):
            return self.l10n()

        def value(self, unit: Units):
            if unit == "Point":
                return self.point(self.azimuth)
            if unit == "°":
                return self.azimuth
            raise ValueError(f"unknown unit: {unit}")

        @classmethod
        def point(cls, azimuth: float | int) -> Point:
            """Returns the compass point to an azimuth value."""
            azimuth = azimuth % cls.TURN
            # The angle sector of a compass point starts 1/2 sector range before
            # and after compass point (example: "N" goes from -11.25° to +11.25°)
            azimuth = azimuth - cls.RANGE / 2
            idx = int(azimuth // cls.RANGE)
            return cls.POINTS[idx]

        def l10n(
            self,
            unit: Units = "Point",
            locale: babel.Locale | GeoLocation | None = None,
            template: str = "{value}{unit}",
            num_pattern: str = "#,##0",
        ) -> str:
            if isinstance(locale, GeoLocation):
                locale = locale.locale()
            elif locale is None:
                locale = babel.Locale.parse(_get_sxng_locale_tag(), sep='-')

            if unit == "Point":
                val_str = self.value(unit)
                return template.format(value=val_str, unit="")

            val_str = babel.numbers.format_decimal(self.value(unit), locale=locale, format=num_pattern)
            return template.format(value=val_str, unit=unit)

    WeatherConditionType = typing.Literal[
        # The capitalized string goes into to i18n/l10n (en: "Clear sky" -> de: "wolkenloser Himmel")
        "clear sky",
        "cloudy",
        "fair",
        "fog",
        "heavy rain and thunder",
        "heavy rain showers and thunder",
        "heavy rain showers",
        "heavy rain",
        "heavy sleet and thunder",
        "heavy sleet showers and thunder",
        "heavy sleet showers",
        "heavy sleet",
        "heavy snow and thunder",
        "heavy snow showers and thunder",
        "heavy snow showers",
        "heavy snow",
        "light rain and thunder",
        "light rain showers and thunder",
        "light rain showers",
        "light rain",
        "light sleet and thunder",
        "light sleet showers and thunder",
        "light sleet showers",
        "light sleet",
        "light snow and thunder",
        "light snow showers and thunder",
        "light snow showers",
        "light snow",
        "partly cloudy",
        "rain and thunder",
        "rain showers and thunder",
        "rain showers",
        "rain",
        "sleet and thunder",
        "sleet showers and thunder",
        "sleet showers",
        "sleet",
        "snow and thunder",
        "snow showers and thunder",
        "snow showers",
        "snow",
    ]
    """Standardized designations for weather conditions.  The designators were
    taken from a collaboration between NRK and Norwegian Meteorological Institute
    (yr.no_).  `Weather symbols`_ can be assigned to the identifiers
    (weathericons_) and they are included in the translation (i18n/l10n
    :origin:`searx/searxng.msg`).

    .. _yr.no: https://www.yr.no/en
    .. _Weather symbols: https://github.com/nrkno/yr-weather-symbols
    .. _weathericons: https://github.com/metno/weathericons
    """

    YR_WEATHER_SYMBOL_MAP = {
        "clear sky": "01d",  # 01d clearsky_day
        "fair": "02d",  # 02d fair_day
        "partly cloudy": "03d",  # 03d partlycloudy_day
        "cloudy": "04",  # 04 cloudy
        "light rain showers": "40d",  # 40d lightrainshowers_day
        "rain showers": "05d",  # 05d rainshowers_day
        "heavy rain showers": "41d",  # 41d heavyrainshowers_day
        "light rain showers and thunder": "24d",  # 24d lightrainshowersandthunder_day
        "rain showers and thunder": "06d",  # 06d rainshowersandthunder_day
        "heavy rain showers and thunder": "25d",  # 25d heavyrainshowersandthunder_day
        "light sleet showers": "42d",  # 42d lightsleetshowers_day
        "sleet showers": "07d",  # 07d sleetshowers_day
        "heavy sleet showers": "43d",  # 43d heavysleetshowers_day
        "light sleet showers and thunder": "26d",  # 26d lightssleetshowersandthunder_day
        "sleet showers and thunder": "20d",  # 20d sleetshowersandthunder_day
        "heavy sleet showers and thunder": "27d",  # 27d heavysleetshowersandthunder_day
        "light snow showers": "44d",  # 44d lightsnowshowers_day
        "snow showers": "08d",  # 08d snowshowers_day
        "heavy snow showers": "45d",  # 45d heavysnowshowers_day
        "light snow showers and thunder": "28d",  # 28d lightssnowshowersandthunder_day
        "snow showers and thunder": "21d",  # 21d snowshowersandthunder_day
        "heavy snow showers and thunder": "29d",  # 29d heavysnowshowersandthunder_day
        "light rain": "46",  # 46 lightrain
        "rain": "09",  # 09 rain
        "heavy rain": "10",  # 10 heavyrain
        "light rain and thunder": "30",  # 30 lightrainandthunder
        "rain and thunder": "22",  # 22 rainandthunder
        "heavy rain and thunder": "11",  # 11 heavyrainandthunder
        "light sleet": "47",  # 47 lightsleet
        "sleet": "12",  # 12 sleet
        "heavy sleet": "48",  # 48 heavysleet
        "light sleet and thunder": "31",  # 31 lightsleetandthunder
        "sleet and thunder": "23",  # 23 sleetandthunder
        "heavy sleet and thunder": "32",  # 32 heavysleetandthunder
        "light snow": "49",  # 49 lightsnow
        "snow": "13",  # 13 snow
        "heavy snow": "50",  # 50 heavysnow
        "light snow and thunder": "33",  # 33 lightsnowandthunder
        "snow and thunder": "14",  # 14 snowandthunder
        "heavy snow and thunder": "34",  # 34 heavysnowandthunder
        "fog": "15",  # 15 fog
    }
    """Map a :py:obj:`WeatherConditionType` to a `YR weather symbol`_

    .. code::

       base_url = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nrkno/yr-weather-symbols/refs/heads/master/symbols"
       icon_url = f"{base_url}/outline/{YR_WEATHER_SYMBOL_MAP['sleet showers']}.svg"

    .. _YR weather symbol: https://github.com/nrkno/yr-weather-symbols/blob/master/locales/en.json

    """

    if __name__ == "__main__":

        # test: fetch all symbols of the type catalog ..
        for c in typing.get_args(WeatherConditionType):
            symbol_url(condition=c)

        _cache = get_WEATHER_DATA_CACHE()
        title = "cached weather condition symbols"
        print(title)
        print("=" * len(title))
        print(_cache.state().report())
        print()
        title = f"properties of {_cache.cfg.name}"
        print(title)
        print("=" * len(title))
        print(str(_cache.properties))  # type: ignore