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Recommend/convert to use case-sensitive collation for MySQL/MSSQL (#28662)

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Mainly for MySQL/MSSQL.

It is important for Gitea to use case-sensitive database charset
collation. If the database is using a case-insensitive collation, Gitea
will show startup error/warning messages, and show the errors/warnings
on the admin panel's Self-Check page.

Make `gitea doctor convert` work for MySQL to convert the collations of
database & tables & columns.

* Fix #28131

## ⚠️ BREAKING ⚠️

It is not quite breaking, but it's highly recommended to convert the
database&table&column to a consistent and case-sensitive collation.
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wxiaoguang 2024-01-10 19:03:23 +08:00 • committed by GitHub
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6
docs/content/installation/database-preparation.zh-cn.md
View file

@ -59,10 +59,12 @@ menu:
根据需要替换上述用户名和密码。
4. 使用 UTF-8 字符集和排序规则创建数据库。确保使用 `**utf8mb4**` 字符集，而不是 `utf8`，因为前者支持 _Basic Multilingual Plane_ 之外的所有 Unicode 字符（包括表情符号）。排序规则根据您预期的内容选择。如果不确定，可以使用 `unicode_ci` 或 `general_ci`。
4. 使用 UTF-8 字符集和大小写敏感的排序规则创建数据库。
Gitea 启动后会尝试把数据库修改为更合适的字符集，如果你想指定自己的字符集规则，可以在 app.ini 中设置 `[database].CHARSET_COLLATION`。
```sql
CREATE DATABASE giteadb CHARACTER SET 'utf8mb4' COLLATE 'utf8mb4_unicode_ci';
CREATE DATABASE giteadb CHARACTER SET 'utf8mb4' COLLATE 'utf8mb4_bin';
```
根据需要替换数据库名称。